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-Sheet 1.

Furnaces for Heating Cruc'ibles, Meta, &c.

' 940,133,538. k "11' Patented Dec. 3,1872.

7&9.' QW?? .2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

Y ,B"A. MASON. Furnaces for Heating 'Cruc-bles, Metal, &c. No. 133,538.Patented 090.3,18'72 f Eef-4.

Wn/esses: fn venlor':

am@ f 'am' BENJAMIN A. MAsoN, oF Naw ronK, N. r.

IMPROVEMENT IN FURNACES FOR HEATING CRUCIBLES, METALS, &c,

Specification forming partv of Letters Patent No. 133,53, dated December3, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN A. MASON, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inApparatus for and Method of Heating and Annealing of Metals, for thepurpose of reducing and manufacturing the same; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawing making part of this specification, in which-Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view 0f a furnace taken through theline 1 l of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a furnace, the blastand gas pipes not being shown in this figure. Fig. 3 is a side elevationof a furnace, showing the longitudinal blast and gas pipes. Fig. 4 isaplan view of the furnace without the pipes. Fig. 5 isatransversesection taken through the line 2 2 of Fig. 4, showing the pipes inposition; and Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the furnace.

The same letters indicate like parts in the drawing.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself' to the use ofafurnace of the form shown in the drawing or hereinafter described, asmy invention is applicable to all known forms of furnaces used in theheating of metals.

I use gas, carbureted or otherwise, to heat the furnace, which I burn inthe following manner: I make use of a series of pipes, A, Fig. l,projecting laterally from two or more pipes placed longitudinally withthe furnace. The longitudinal pipes B, Fig. 3, and C, Fig. 3, are placedone above or by the side of the other, generally about six inchesfromthe exterior walls of the furnace. From the pipes B and G a series ofshort lateral pipes, A, Fig. l, project inward toward the chamber of thefurnace D, Fig. 1, through the spaces or openings E, Fig. 2, the pipes,however, not entering the angular or daring space at the entrance of theopenings, butreachin gto within a short distance of the same. The pipesB and A carry the volume of gas, while a blast of air passes through thepipes C and A and mingling with the ignited gas at the mouth of thepipes B and A, drives the burning gas through the openings E into thechamber of the furnace, where it is consumed, maintaining an intenseheat, free from sulphur and other deleterious matter so often found toinjure metals when present, as in .ordinary fuel under combustion.

I am aware that gas has been and is now used for heating of metals, butnot in the manner used by me, wherein I ignite the gas at a point nearthe exterior of the furnace, outside thereof, and apply the blast at thesame point, forcing the ignited gas through the ordinary atmosphere intothe interior of the furnace, the angular spaces through which theignited volume passes being of such a form as to induce an additionalcurrent of oxygensupplying air into the furnace where it is con'- sumed,thereby creating an intense heat with less consumption of fuel than canbe otherwise obtained.

Since the various burning jets of gas from the main pipe B are readilycontrolled and adjusted, and the force of the air-blasts from the pipe Cis with equal facility regulated, the heat can be applied with anydesired power in any or all parts of the furnace, and be varied atpleasure, to suit the various circumstances of each case or occasion.Hence I produce not only intense heat, but such as can be controlled indegree to any extent. The outside open jets of the burner-tubes A A, inaddition to their forcing outside air into the furnace to assist thecombustion, also enable the force of the flames to be seen at all timesfrom the outside, so as to regulate them the more easily and precisely.

By my invention all description of rods and bars can be reheated forfurther reduction, while metals treated in crucibles will be much morerapidly smelted by my method than by the manner of heating heretoforeused for such purposes.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A series of lateral burner and blast pipes or tubes, A A, projectingfrom gas and air blast feeding-pipes B C, in combination with a furnaceor furnaces, D, provided with openings E E to receive the respectivejets of gas and air, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

2, The arrangement of the lateral burner and blast pipes A A outside ofand disconnected from the furnace D and opposite to the openings E Ethereof, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.v

3. The openings E E having the angular or daring form, as described, andfor the purpose specified.

Witnesses: BENJ. A. MASON.

WILLIAM A. HARDING, Jr., J. S. BROWN.

